Jataka-atthakatha

Rājovādajātakavaṇṇanā
Daḷhaṃ daḷhassa khipatīti idaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto rājovādaṃ ārabbha kathesi. So
tesakuṇajātake (jā. 2.17.1 ādayo) āvi bhavissati. Ekasmiṃ pana divase kosalarājā ekaṃ agatigataṃ
dubbinicchayaṃ aḍḍaṃ vinicchinitvā bhuttapātarāso allahatthova alaṅkatarathaṃ abhiruyha satthu
santikaṃ gantvā phullapadumasassirikesu pādesu nipatitvā satthāraṃ vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Atha
naṃ satthā etadavoca – ‘‘handa kuto nu tvaṃ, mahārāja, āgacchasi divā divassā’’ti. ‘‘Bhante, ajja ekaṃ
agatigataṃ dubbinicchayaṃ aḍḍaṃ vinicchinanto okāsaṃ alabhitvā idāni taṃ tīretvā bhuñjitvā
allahatthova tumhākaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ āgatomhī’’ti. Satthā ‘‘mahārāja, dhammena samena
aḍḍavinicchayaṃ nāma kusalaṃ, saggamaggo esa. Anacchariyaṃ kho panetaṃ, yaṃ tumhe mādisassa
sabbaññubuddhassa santikā ovādaṃ labhamānā dhammena samena aḍḍaṃ vinicchineyyātha. Etadeva
acchariyaṃ, yaṃ pubbe rājāno asabbaññūnampi paṇḍitānaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā dhammena samena aḍḍaṃ
vinicchinantā cattāri agatigamanāni vajjetvā dasa rājadhamme akopetvā dhammena rajjaṃ kāretvā
saggapuraṃ pūrayamānā agamiṃsū’’ti vatvā tena yācito atītaṃ āhari.
Atīte bārāṇasiyaṃ brahmadatte rajjaṃ kārente bodhisatto tassa aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ
paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā laddhagabbhaparihāro sotthinā mātukucchimhā nikkhami. Nāmaggahaṇadivase
panassa ‘‘brahmadattakumāro’’tveva nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So anupubbena vayappatto soḷasavassakāle
takkasilaṃ gantvā sabbasippesu nipphattiṃ patvā pitu accayena rajje patiṭṭhāya dhammena samena
rajjaṃ kāresi, chandādivasena agantvā vinicchayaṃ anusāsi. Tasmiṃ evaṃ dhammena rajjaṃ kārente
amaccāpi dhammeneva vohāraṃ vinicchiniṃsu. Vohāresu dhammena vinicchayamānesu kūṭaḍḍakārakā
nāma nāhesuṃ, tesaṃ abhāvā aḍḍatthāya rājaṅgaṇe uparavo pacchijji. Amaccā divasampi
vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisīditvā kañci vinicchayatthāya āgacchantaṃ adisvā uṭṭhāya pakkamanti,
vinicchayaṭṭhānaṃ chaḍḍetabbabhāvaṃ pāpuṇi.
Bodhisatto cintesi – ‘‘mayi dhammena rajjaṃ kārente vinicchayaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchantā nāma natthi,
uparavo pacchijji, vinicchayaṭṭhānaṃ chaḍḍetabbabhāvaṃ pattaṃ, idāni mayā attano aguṇaṃ
pariyesituṃ vaṭṭati ‘ayaṃ nāma me aguṇo’ti sutvā taṃ pahāya guṇesuyeva vattissāmī’’ti. Tato paṭṭhāya
‘‘atthi nu kho me koci aguṇavādī’’ti pariggaṇhanto antovaḷañjakānaṃ antare kañci aguṇavādiṃ adisvā
attano guṇakathameva sutvā ‘‘ete mayhaṃ bhayenāpi aguṇaṃ avatvā guṇameva vadeyyu’’nti
bahivaḷañjanake pariggaṇhanto tatthāpi adisvā antonagare pariggaṇhi. Bahinagare catūsu dvāresu
catugāmake pariggaṇhi. Tatthāpi kañci aguṇavādiṃ adisvā attano guṇakathameva sutvā ‘‘janapadaṃ
pariggaṇhissāmī’’ti amacce rajjaṃ paṭicchāpetvā rathaṃ āruyha sārathimeva gahetvā aññātakavesena
nagarā nikkhamitvā janapadaṃ pariggaṇhamāno yāva paccantabhūmiṃ gantvā kañci aguṇavādiṃ adisvā
attano guṇakathameva sutvā paccantasīmato mahāmaggena nagarābhimukhoyeva nivatti.
Tasmiṃ pana kāle balliko nāma kosalarājāpi dhammena rajjaṃ kārento aguṇakathaṃ gavesanto
hutvā antovaḷañjakādīsu aguṇavādiṃ adisvā attano guṇakathameva sutvā janapadaṃ pariggaṇhanto taṃ
padesaṃ agamāsi. Te ubhopi ekasmiṃ ninnaṭṭhāne sakaṭamagge abhimukhā ahesuṃ, rathassa
ukkamanaṭṭhānaṃ natthi. Atha ballikarañño sārathi bārāṇasirañño sārathiṃ ‘‘tava rathaṃ ukkamāpehī’’ti
āha. Sopi ‘‘ambho sārathi, tava rathaṃ ukkamāpehi, imasmiṃ rathe bārāṇasirajjasāmiko
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brahmadattamahārājā nisinno’’ti āha. Itaropi naṃ ‘‘ambho sārathi, imasmiṃ rathe
kosalarajjasāmiko ballikamahārājā nisinno, tava rathaṃ ukkamāpetvā amhākaṃ rañño rathassa okāsaṃ
dehī’’ti āha. Bārāṇasirañño sārathi ‘‘ayampi kira rājāyeva, kiṃ nu kho kātabba’’nti cintento ‘‘attheso
upāyo’’ti vayaṃ pucchitvā ‘‘daharassa rathaṃ ukkamāpetvā mahallakassa okāsaṃ dāpessāmī’’ti
sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā taṃ sārathiṃ kosalarañño vayaṃ pucchitvā pariggaṇhanto ubhinnampi
samānavayabhāvaṃ ñatvā rajjaparimāṇaṃ balaṃ dhanaṃ yasaṃ jātiṃ gottaṃ kulapadesanti sabbaṃ
pucchitvā ‘‘ubhopi tiyojanasatikassa rajjassa sāmino samānabaladhanayasajātigottakulapadesā’’ti ñatvā
‘‘sīlavantassa okāsaṃ dassāmī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘bho sārathi, tumhākaṃ rañño sīlācāro kīdiso’’ti pucchi. So
‘‘ayañca ayañca amhākaṃ rañño sīlācāro’’ti attano rañño aguṇameva guṇato pakāsento paṭhamaṃ
gāthamāha.

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